Dark solitons in cigar-shaped Bose-Einstein condensates of 87Rb are created by a phase imprinting method. Coherent and dissipative dynamics of the solitons has been observed.

doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.83.5198
Phys. Rev. Lett.

Burger, S., Bongs, K., Dettmer, S., Ertmer, W., Sengstock, K., Sanpera, A., … Lewenstein, M. (1999). Dark solitons in Bose-Einstein condensates. Phys. Rev. Lett., 83, 5198–5201. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.83.5198